| 西方国家的老年公寓 |
| 添加时间：2019/9/21 16:14:10 浏览次数： |
| 西方国家的老年公寓，多建在环境优美、交通方便的城市郊区或闹中取静的城市中心，建筑风格古朴典雅;室内设备齐全,取用方便,室内布置与一般家庭居室大体相同。公寓设有生活服务、呼救报警、医疗保健、休息娱乐、文化学习、自助劳动等设施和场所。随着西方福利事业的发展及老年公寓条件的改善,许多虽有子女或亲属照料的老年人,为避免代际冲突，也自愿申请到老年公寓来安度晚年。 Old-age apartments in western countries are mostly built in the suburbs of cities with beautiful surroundings and convenient transportation or in the quiet urban centers in the bustle. The architectural style is simple and elegant. The indoor facilities are complete and easy to use. The indoor layout is basically the same as that of common family rooms. Apartment has living services, call for help and alarm, medical care, rest and entertainment, cultural learning, self-help labor and other facilities and places. With the development of welfare services in the West and the improvement of apartment conditions for the elderly, many elderly people who have children or relatives to take care of them voluntarily apply for apartments for the elderly to spend their old age in order to avoid intergenerational conflicts. 历史发展 Historical development 美国在1935年《社会保障法》通过以前，各州政府已有老年公寓的设置;1935年后，开始大规模兴建，主要为有经济基础的老年人设立。英国于1948年实施国民救助法时，规定每一都市政府要为贫困无家的老年人设置老年公寓，都市政府如财力不足，可与慈善团体合力兴建。 Before the adoption of the Social Security Act in 1935, the state governments had established apartments for the elderly; after 1935, large-scale construction began, mainly for the elderly with economic foundation. When the National Assistance Act was enacted in 1948, it was stipulated that every city government should set up apartments for the elderly who were poor and homeless. If the city government had insufficient financial resources, it could work with charitable organizations to build apartments for the elderly. 中国从70年代末、80年代初开始，在上海、北京、天津、大连、烟台等地兴建老年公寓。此后，各种形式的由国家、社会或企业建立的老年公寓在各地相继出现。 Since the late 1970s and early 1980s, apartments for the elderly have been built in Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin, Dalian and Yantai. Since then, various forms of apartments for the elderly established by the state, society or enterprises have emerged in various places. 中国老龄科研中心政策室曾对北京1600余名50岁以上的中老年人大调查，希望入住老年公寓的人数达1000余人，一些老年公寓还出现人满为患的局面，老年公寓正日益获得老年人的欢迎。 The Policy Office of China Aging Research Center has surveyed more than 1 600 middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old in Beijing. More than 1,000 people hope to live in apartments for the aged. Some apartments for the aged are still overcrowded. Apartments for the aged are increasingly welcomed by the elderly. |
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